搭建本地OSM地图服务器

测试环境

  • Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS
  • Apache2 2.4.52

依赖

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sudo apt install screen locate libapache2-mod-tile renderd git tar unzip wget bzip2 apache2 lua5.1 mapnik-utils python3-mapnik python3-psycopg2 python3-yaml gdal-bin npm fonts-noto-cjk fonts-noto-hinted fonts-noto-unhinted fonts-unifont fonts-hanazono postgresql postgresql-contrib postgis postgresql-14-postgis-3 postgresql-14-postgis-3-scripts osm2pgsql net-tools curl
  • postgres用于保存数据
  • renderd是渲染进程
  • apache2提供www服务
  • mod-tile基于apache2提供切片服务，决定什么时候该切片、把什么切片

创建数据库

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sudo -u postgres -i #以root登陆psotgres
createuser _renderd #创建新用户
createdb -E UTF8 -O _renderd gis 创建数据库
psql #此时终端显示postgres=#
\c gis #此时提示You are now connected to database "gis" as user "postgres". 终端显示gis-#
CREATE EXTENSION postgis; #提示CREATE EXTENSION
CREATE EXTENSION hstore; #提示CREATE EXTENSION
ALTER TABLE geometry_columns OWNER TO _renderd; #提示ALTER TABLE
ALTER TABLE spatial_ref_sys OWNER TO _renderd; #提示ALTER TABLE
\q #退出psql
exit #退出root

Mapnik

测试安装状态

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python3 #进入python环境
>>> import mapnik #导入库，没有保存就正常
>>> quit() #退出环境

样式表配置

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mkdir ~/src #创建文件夹
cd ~/src
git clone https://github.com/gravitystorm/openstreetmap-carto
cd openstreetmap-carto
sudo npm install -g carto #安装编译器
carto -v #1.2.0
carto project.mml > mapnik.xml #有一些警告

加载数据

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mkdir ~/data
cd ~/data
wget https://download.geofabrik.de/asia/azerbaijan-latest.osm.pbf # 35.6MB
chmod o+rx ~
sudo -u _renderd osm2pgsql -d gis --create --slim  -G --hstore --tag-transform-script ~/src/openstreetmap-carto/openstreetmap-carto.lua -C 2500 --number-processes 1 -S ~/src/openstreetmap-carto/openstreetmap-carto.style ~/data/azerbaijan-latest.osm.pbf

#以下为我的输出
2024-01-03 11:07:52  osm2pgsql version 1.6.0
2024-01-03 11:07:52  Database version: 14.10 (Ubuntu 14.10-0ubuntu0.22.04.1)
2024-01-03 11:07:52  PostGIS version: 3.2
2024-01-03 11:07:52  Setting up table 'planet_osm_point'
2024-01-03 11:07:52  Setting up table 'planet_osm_line'
2024-01-03 11:07:52  Setting up table 'planet_osm_polygon'
2024-01-03 11:07:52  Setting up table 'planet_osm_roads'
2024-01-03 11:08:20  Reading input files done in 28s.
2024-01-03 11:08:20    Processed 5151545 nodes in 16s - 322k/s
2024-01-03 11:08:20    Processed 477473 ways in 11s - 43k/s
2024-01-03 11:08:20    Processed 2957 relations in 1s - 3k/s
2024-01-03 11:08:21  Clustering table 'planet_osm_point' by geometry...
2024-01-03 11:08:22  Creating geometry index on table 'planet_osm_point'...
2024-01-03 11:08:22  Creating osm_id index on table 'planet_osm_point'...
2024-01-03 11:08:22  Analyzing table 'planet_osm_point'...
2024-01-03 11:08:22  Clustering table 'planet_osm_line' by geometry...
2024-01-03 11:08:37  Creating geometry index on table 'planet_osm_line'...
2024-01-03 11:08:39  Creating osm_id index on table 'planet_osm_line'...
2024-01-03 11:08:39  Analyzing table 'planet_osm_line'...
2024-01-03 11:08:39  Clustering table 'planet_osm_polygon' by geometry...
2024-01-03 11:08:41  Creating geometry index on table 'planet_osm_polygon'...
2024-01-03 11:08:42  Creating osm_id index on table 'planet_osm_polygon'...
2024-01-03 11:08:42  Analyzing table 'planet_osm_polygon'...
2024-01-03 11:08:42  Clustering table 'planet_osm_roads' by geometry...
2024-01-03 11:08:42  Creating geometry index on table 'planet_osm_roads'...
2024-01-03 11:08:42  Creating osm_id index on table 'planet_osm_roads'...
2024-01-03 11:08:42  Analyzing table 'planet_osm_roads'...
2024-01-03 11:08:42  Done postprocessing on table 'planet_osm_nodes' in 0s
2024-01-03 11:08:42  Building index on table 'planet_osm_ways'
2024-01-03 11:08:56  Done postprocessing on table 'planet_osm_ways' in 13s
2024-01-03 11:08:56  Building index on table 'planet_osm_rels'
2024-01-03 11:08:56  Done postprocessing on table 'planet_osm_rels' in 0s
2024-01-03 11:08:56  All postprocessing on table 'planet_osm_point' done in 0s.
2024-01-03 11:08:56  All postprocessing on table 'planet_osm_line' done in 16s.
2024-01-03 11:08:56  All postprocessing on table 'planet_osm_polygon' done in 2s.
2024-01-03 11:08:56  All postprocessing on table 'planet_osm_roads' done in 0s.
2024-01-03 11:08:56  osm2pgsql took 64s (1m 4s) overall.
  • -d gis 使用数据库
  • –create 创建数据库
  • slim 渲染表
  • G 表布局
  • hstore 多折线如何处理
  • tag-transform-script
  • C 2500 为导入过程分配osm2pgsql 2.5Gb内存，可以修改
  • number-processes 使用的CPU核心数
  • 最后的参数为需要加载的文件

创建索引

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cd ~/src/openstreetmap-carto/
sudo -u _renderd psql -d gis -f indexes.sql #输出CREATE INDEX 16次

下载shapefile

此文件提供国家边界

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cd ~/src/openstreetmap-carto/
mkdir data
sudo chown _renderd data
sudo -u _renderd scripts/get-external-data.py #文件很大，你要忍一下
INFO:root:Starting load of external data into database
INFO:root:Checking table simplified_water_polygons
INFO:root:  Download complete (23795202 bytes)
INFO:root:  Decompressing file
INFO:root:  Importing into database
INFO:root:  Import complete
INFO:root:Checking table water_polygons
INFO:root:  Download complete (847964073 bytes)
INFO:root:  Decompressing file
INFO:root:  Importing into database
INFO:root:  Import complete
INFO:root:Checking table icesheet_polygons
INFO:root:  Download complete (52393148 bytes)
INFO:root:  Decompressing file
INFO:root:  Importing into database
INFO:root:  Import complete
INFO:root:Checking table icesheet_outlines
INFO:root:  Download complete (53057255 bytes)
INFO:root:  Decompressing file
INFO:root:  Importing into database
INFO:root:  Import complete
INFO:root:Checking table ne_110m_admin_0_boundary_lines_land
INFO:root:  Download complete (57325 bytes)
INFO:root:  Decompressing file
INFO:root:  Importing into database
INFO:root:  Import complete

设置服务器

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cd ~/src/openstreetmap-carto/
scripts/get-fonts.sh #安装字体，安装不了也不影响使用。
vim /etc/renderd.conf

添加配置

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[s2o]
URI=/hot/
XML=/home/accountname/src/openstreetmap-carto/mapnik.xml # 注意修改
HOST=localhost
TILESIZE=256
MAXZOOM=20

调试信息

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sudo vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/renderd.service

在service字段添加

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Environment=G_MESSAGES_DEBUG=all

重启

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sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart renderd
sudo systemctl restart apache2

在/var/log/syslog中可以看到

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Jan  3 11:39:03 hyper-vm apachectl[10696]: [Wed Jan 03 11:39:03.138282 2024] [tile:notice] [pid 10696:tid 140362100856704] Loading tile config s2o at /hot/ for zooms 0 - 20 from tile directory /var/cache/renderd/tiles with extension .png and mime type image/png
Jan  3 11:39:03 hyper-vm apachectl[10696]: AH00558: apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
Jan  3 11:39:03 hyper-vm systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.

瓦片

用浏览器打开localhost

apache2主页

查看世界地图localhost/hot/0/0/0.png

地图瓦片

地图

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cd /var/www/html
sudo wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/SomeoneElseOSM/mod_tile/switch2osm/extra/sample_leaflet.html
sudo nano sample_leaflet.html

使用浏览器打开localhost/sample_leaflet.html

地图

同时在syslog中可以查看信息。

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Jan  3 11:52:30 hyper-vm renderd[10265]: START TILE s2o 13 5936-5943 3240-3247, new metatile
Jan  3 11:52:30 hyper-vm renderd[10265]: START TILE s2o 13 5944-5951 3240-3247, new metatile
Jan  3 11:52:30 hyper-vm renderd[10265]: START TILE s2o 13 5936-5943 3232-3239, new metatile
Jan  3 11:52:30 hyper-vm renderd[10265]: START TILE s2o 13 5944-5951 3232-3239, new metatile
Jan  3 11:52:30 hyper-vm renderd[10265]: DONE TILE s2o 13 5936-5943 3240-3247 in 0.263 seconds
Jan  3 11:52:30 hyper-vm renderd[10265]: DONE TILE s2o 13 5936-5943 3232-3239 in 0.263 seconds
Jan  3 11:52:30 hyper-vm renderd[10265]: START TILE s2o 13 5936-5943 3232-3239, age 0.00 days
Jan  3 11:52:30 hyper-vm renderd[10265]: DONE TILE s2o 13 5944-5951 3240-3247 in 0.277 seconds
Jan  3 11:52:30 hyper-vm renderd[10265]: DONE TILE s2o 13 5944-5951 3232-3239 in 0.264 seconds
Jan  3 11:52:30 hyper-vm renderd[10265]: DONE TILE s2o 13 5936-5943 3232-3239 in 0.255 seconds
OSM
#Linux #Ubuntu #OSM
搭建本地OSM地图服务器
https://blog.jackeylea.com/osm/how-to-setup-offline-osm-map-server/
作者
JackeyLea
发布于
2024年1月4日
许可协议